Stem Cells May Be Better Than Money In The Bank

Among the many functions and roles of banks, they are best known as a place to store money. However, a newer type of bank, a Tissue Bank, actually collects and harvests human stem cell tissue for biomedical purposes, medical research and education.

Stem cells are characterized by their ability to renew themselves through cell division and differentiate into a range of specialized types of cells, tissues and organs. The two main types of stem cells are embryonic stem cells from developing embryos and adult stem cells, which are found in many different tissues. In adults, stem cells are the body's master or progenitor cells (“pro” – first; “genitor” – generating) acting as a repair system for the body but also capable of transforming into new tissues.

There are two basic subtypes of adult stem cells: those that form blood cells, which are found in bone marrow (or umbilical cord blood) and others that form connective tissues such as bone, tendons, muscles, fat, as well as liver and pancreatic cells. These stem cells are typically found in bone marrow or the dental pulp in teeth.

In 2000, scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) discovered that these potent viable stem cells in the living pulpal tissue within teeth (baby teeth, wisdom teeth, and other healthy teeth) provide a convenient source of stem cells. These dental stem cells can develop into tissues such as teeth, periodontal ligament (the ligament or membrane that connects teeth to bone), other connective tissues, and possibly even neural (nerve) tissue, and more.

Researchers around the world are investigating the potential of dental stem cells to become a routine source for regenerative medicine. As a result, they are collecting individuals' teeth that would otherwise be discarded — just plain thrown away.

The magic of these stem cells is that they are unique to each individual, just like fingerprints. Whatever generates from them bears your unique genetic code so that it cannot be rejected. In other words, if the living tissue harvested from your teeth is placed in a tissue bank and properly preserved using methods like cryogenics (deep freezing), there is a high chance that in the near future your stem cells could be used to grow new tissues for your use, or for a loved one in need, in fact anyone who is a genetic match for your tissue.

Your dental stem cells may just prove better than money in the bank!

Read more about The Future of Dentistry.